Lorentz transformation and rotation

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| Geant 3.16  |               GEANT User's Guide              | PHYS410  ##
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Author(s) : M. Hansroul Submitted: 01.09.76 Origin : Geant 2 Revised: 19.12.92

Subroutines

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              |CALL GLOREN (BETA,PA,PB) |
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GLOREN transforms the momentum and the energy from one Lorentz frame (A) to another (B). It uses the following input and output:

                BETA(1)
  Input:     .  BETA(2)  }    the velocity components of the frame B seen from the frame A
                BETA(3)
                                           2
               BETA(4)        1/sqrt(1-beta  )= gamma
                PA(1)
             .  PA(2)  }      the momentum components in the frame A
                PA(3)
               PA(4)          the total energy in the frame A
                PB(1)
  Output:    .  PB(2)  }      the quantities corresponding to PA in the frame B
                PB(3)
                PB(4)
GLOREN is called from the routine GDECAY.

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       | CALL GDROT (P,COSTH,SINTH,COSPH,SINPH) |
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GDROT rotates a vector from one reference system to another. It uses the following input and output:

  Input:       P                          the three vector components of the initial system
               COSTH         costheta
               SINTH         sintheta         where theta and phi are the angles between
               COSPH      .  cosphi    }      the two coordinate systems
               SINPH         sinphi
  Output:      P                            the three vector components of the final system

GDROT is called from several routines to rotate a particle from the center-of-mass system to the GEANT (laboratory) system.

Method

Lorentz transformation

The momentum p and energy E of the Lorentz frame A are transformed to A A the momentum p and energy E of the Lorentz frame B which has a velocity B B beta seen from the frame A:

    E     =    gamma(E - beta# p )
     B                A         A
    p     =    p  +betagamma(((gammabeta #p )/ (gamma+ 1))-E )
     B          A                          A                A

Rotation

The following rotation matrix is used:

       cos thetacosphi    - sinphi    sintheta cosphi        cosphi    - sinphi    0       costheta     0    sintheta
    (  cos thetasinphi     cosphi     sintheta sinphi  )= (  sinphi     cosphi     0  )(       0        1        0     )
          -sin theta          0          cos theta         ############## ############# ################0###############
                                                          |#############{z############}|###############{z##############}
                                                                      R                              R
                                                                       phi                            theta

R is a counterclockwise rotation about the axis 2 through angle theta theta, and R is a counterclockwise rotation about the new axis 3 phi (rotated by the angle theta from the initial position) through angle phi.